Opioid Withdrawal: What Is It Like to Detox from Opioids?
What’s stopping you from finding help for an opioid use disorder (OUD)? Is it the thought of getting through opioid detox and withdrawal symptoms? According to data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, more than 75% of drug overdose deaths in 2021 involved an opioid such as prescription pain medication or illegal street drugs like heroin. If you’re concerned about opioid withdrawal, that means you likely already have a physical dependence on and tolerance to prescription pain medication. That addiction opens the door for an overdose or other serious consequences to your health and well-being. Getting help for opioid addiction is the best course of action. Footprints to Recovery is a full-service addiction treatment center with specialized and certified clinical staff. Our medical detox team has helped countless others overcome an opioid use disorder and move on to a brighter future. What Are Opioids? Opioids come in three categories: Many opioids are medications prescribed by doctors to treat pain. But no matter the type of opioid, taking it over a long period can increase your risk of developing a tolerance and physical dependence. That increases your risk of overdose. Opioid Withdrawal Symptoms Opioid withdrawal syndrome can produce symptoms that vary in intensity and duration depending on: Opioid withdrawal symptoms emerge when a person addicted to opioids stops or reduces their opioid use. Some of the most common opioid withdrawal symptoms include: Treating opioid withdrawal is easier when you trust a professional treatment center with your drug abuse. Management of opioid withdrawal is something the team at Footprints to Recovery can help with. Our alcohol and drug treatment center is a safe and comfortable place to turn your life around. What Is the Timeline for Opioid Detox? One of the first questions many have before they enter a detox program is how long it will take. How long it takes to detox from opioids depends on many different factors like: Some opioids are short-acting, and withdrawal symptoms tend to occur 6 to 12 hours after the last dose. Short-acting opioids include: Other opioids are long-acting, and opioid withdrawal symptoms first emerge within one to two days. Long-acting opioids include:
Personality Disorders & Drug or Alcohol Addiction
People who deal with drug or alcohol abuse and have a personality disorder can still get help and live healthy, productive lives as long as treatment adequately addresses both conditions. Integrated care that treats both issues simultaneously is key to long-term stability. Personality disorders are not flaws of character or eccentric qualities. These are disorders that prevent you from thinking in healthy and functional ways. Individuals with a personality disorder are not always aware they are dealing with one because they believe their thinking or behavior is normal. Most personality disorders show up in the teen or young adult years. They can hinder a person’s ability to reach their potential and cause problems forming appropriate relationships. The National Institute of Mental Health says that up to 9.1 percent of Americans may have one of the personality disorders. Types Of Personality Disorders The most recent version of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) says there are 10 distinct personality disorders. Studies show that people with personality disorder may also meet the criteria for another one. The DSM-5 also separates personality disorders into three clusters, as follows: Research shows that family history may contribute to the development of cluster B disorders, which include: An estimated 1.4 percent of Americans are affected by borderline personality disorder (BPD). More than any other personality disorder, people with BPD are likely to face co-occurring issues, such as other anxiety disorders, substance use disorders, mood disorders, and impulse control disorders. Getting A Diagnosis Diagnosing a personality disorder is challenging because a lab, blood, or other conventional test cannot confirm or deny its presence. These tests can still be valuable in ruling out other medical conditions that cause unusual behaviors. As a result, doctors may run these during the assessment phase of care. Doctors will also take down a patient’s family and medical history. Patients are then referred to a psychiatrist or psychologist if doctors find no physical cause for the behaviors displayed. A mental health practitioner can then evaluate a patient and use the DSM-5 to assess whether they fit the criteria for any of the personality disorders described above. How Drugs & Alcohol Are Linked With Personality Disorder A 2011 study published by Innovations in Clinical Neuroscience found that substance use disorders are common in people with personality disorders. People with BPD are especially at risk of a substance use disorder. The study says the link between BPD and substance misuse is strong, and patients are most likely to abuse prescription medication. The study also found that: Why Is Substance Abuse More Likely? As explained by the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), drug addiction is a mental illness because it changes the way a person’s brain works, shifting their priorities, decreasing their ability to control impulses, and developing a new hierarchy of needs. A person who deals with substance misuse and a mental health or other chronic condition is said to have a co-occurring disorder or dual diagnosis. Data shows that mental health issues and substance abuse are linked in the following ways: Treating a co-occurring personality disorder can be a challenge because habitual drug use can also trigger mental health conditions, making it hard to pin down the cause of a mental illness. In addition, prescription medication can cause behavioral changes that resemble those of a personality disorder. Treating Co-Occurring Disorders The good news is that people with co-occurring disorders can find help and lead productive lives, regardless of the root cause of the disorder. You are not alone if you deal with co-occurring disorders. The National Alliance on Mental Illness (NAMI) says that up to 9.2. million adults dealt with co-occurring substance use disorders and mental illnesses in 2018. Per the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), effective treatments for substance use disorders: Common methods used in treatment programs for co-occurring disorders include: A Path Forward in Recovery Integrated treatment is the key to sustained recovery from personality disorders and substance abuse. Choose a treatment facility that offers a holistic approach to recovery, treating patients on all fronts. If only one issue is treated, it’s highly likely that symptoms of the other disorder will lead to relapse of the treated issue. When it comes to co-occurring disorders, you can’t achieve recovery unless you address the whole person. Treatment won’t separate each disorder. Instead, both disorders will be simultaneously addressed in therapy sessions. As a result, patients see progress in all areas of life, and this leads to lasting recovery.
What Is Residential Rehab Like?
Residential rehab is an intensive treatment where individuals stay in a facility for 24 hours a day. It typically lasts 21 days to several months. As the most intensive form of substance abuse treatment, residential rehab is most successful in helping those with severe or long-term addictions. Facilities typically offer group counseling, individual counseling, case management support, family therapy, and other treatment plans. What Is Rehab Like: A Typical Day in Inpatient Treatment The first week of addiction treatment in a residential facility like Footprints to Recovery usually consists of a detox period. This ensures drugs and/or alcohol are out of your system so you can enter treatment no longer influenced by their effects. Detox can often be difficult or dangerous. At a treatment center, professional addiction treatment counselors oversee medical detox so you have support and care throughout the process. These experts help manage withdrawal symptoms, watch your vital signs, offer emotional support, and administer medication. How intense detox is and how long it lasts depends on factors like what substances you abused and for how long. Co-occurring mental health disorders can also affect the severity and duration of withdrawal symptoms. The staff at Footprints to Recovery focus on establishing a safe place for controlling cravings and managing withdrawal symptoms. After medical detox, inpatient rehab is very structured and filled with activities and therapies. This eliminates boredom and downtime, which may tempt you to relapse. Planning the day distracts you from cravings and teaches you how to live differently. Each program varies, but a typical day usually looks like the following: You’ll rise early and have a healthy breakfast. Some facilities offer morning programs such as yoga and meditation. These help you form new healthy habits that can be continued outside of treatment. Afternoons are reserved for therapy sessions. An individual therapy session might include cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). CBT is one of the most effective methods in substance abuse treatment. According to the National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA), it has been effective during treatment and after people leave a facility. This therapy teaches you to anticipate problems and enhance self-control through effective coping strategies. Other forms of therapy may include: In the evenings you’ll have opportunities to engage socially and be a part of sober recreation, like: Or you might choose to read, journal, pray, or meditate. Group Therapy Group therapy is an important and highly effective treatment for addiction issues. It involves mediator-led meetings with others who share your desire to get sober. Meetings are safe and supportive settings where everyone collaborates on how to handle addiction and the issues in life that come with it. Group therapy can help you develop better communication skills and allow you to see that you aren’t the only one who struggles with drugs or alcohol. A sense of community support creates a place where you can feel open and vulnerable as you work towards sobriety. Case Management In residential addiction treatment you’ll be assigned a case manager. Your case manager is part of your system of support during your time at a recovery facility. They’ll also be there for you in the future when you feel like you need help to prevent a relapse or negative decision making. Your meetings may entail creating a treatment plan, connecting you to a provider, and keeping track of your progress. Medication Assisted Treatment Medication, such as methadone, can help treat addictions. The medications should only be used under the supervision of an addiction treatment professional. When taken in a supervised setting, medications can: It is important to understand that these medications do not cure addiction. They are most-effective in addiction recovery when used alongside counseling and other forms of behavioral therapy. 12-Step Model Support/Recovery Groups The 12-step model offers a free, peer-based treatment program for those with drug use disorders. Participants adhere to a set of instructions to refrain from using their preferred substances. Each step is a guiding principle that helps someone avoid triggers, cope with stress, and stay sober even when life gets difficult. The 12-step model involves regular group meetings, which help create a sense of safety, inclusion, and community among attendees. Examples of 12-step recovery groups include: These types of programs are often used during aftercare following residential rehab. Aftercare is an ongoing form of addiction treatment for those who have completed their inpatient and/or outpatient treatment programs. Aftercare offers support and care post-rehab so you can remain on a path to sober living. Pros and Cons of Residential Addiction Treatment It is important to take the pros and cons of residential addiction treatment into consideration before you commit to a level of care. There are benefits and drawbacks to this treatment path, and it may not be the correct process for everyone. Here are some important pros and cons to consider when deciding if residential treatment is right for you. Pros of residential rehab include: • 24-hour medical and emotional support• Medical support during withdrawal symptoms• None of the distractions or temptations of everyday life• Flexible program lengths• Structured programming• Nutritional support• Forming new healthy habits• Sense of community• Establishing healthy boundaries Cons of residential rehab include: • More expensive• Disruptive to everyday life• Limited access to social circle support All the items listed in the pros section are important reasons why you should consider residential rehab over a 12-step program or trying to quit alcohol or drugs at home. The outstanding level of care provided; access to skills development; and the opportunity to turn your life around in a distraction-free, safe environment should be reasons to consider getting help from a professional recovery program. Trying to get sober on your own can be difficult, frustrating, and ineffective. For many, attending occasional meetings isn’t enough to get a grip on their addiction problems. Residential rehab is the more effective treatment for those in search of a sober future. What Are Other Types of Rehab Like? Residential rehab is just one type of addiction treatment offered by
Risks of Home Detox & Quitting Cold Turkey
You’ve made the right decision to take back your life from addiction. Recovery is hard work, but you’ll find it’s well worth it. For people with substance use disorders, the first step in recovery is detoxing from drugs or alcohol. Some people attempt drug or alcohol detox at home, but in many cases, this can be dangerous—even deadly. Learn why the safest way to detox from substances, especially alcohol, is under the 24-hour care of medical professionals. The symptoms of alcohol withdrawal can be intense and, in some cases, life-threatening without medical supervision. According to some research, more than 50% of people going through alcohol withdrawal have symptoms that should be medically attended to. Furthermore, 37% of people who experience delirium tremens (DTs) die. Delirium tremens (DTs) is a life-threatening, alcohol-related condition that causes extreme confusion, hallucinations, and tremors. DTs can occur in people who have been drinking heavily for an extended period of time and can lead to seizures, coma, and death. What is Withdrawal Like? Without medical care, withdrawing from drugs and alcohol can be painful, and cravings may feel unbearable. When you’re addicted to drugs or alcohol, your brain begins depending on substances to function “normally.” When you stop taking drugs, your central nervous system goes into overload as it tries to rebalance itself without the presence of drugs or alcohol. During this process, your brain sends signals and produces chemicals and hormones that cause you to experience withdrawal symptoms and intense urges to use substances again. Drug withdrawal symptoms can range from mild to even potentially life-threatening. Withdrawal from some substances—like opioids, benzodiazepines, and alcohol—can be deadly. Withdrawal symptoms depend on: Withdrawal can include emotional and physical symptoms, such as: Alcohol withdrawal is one of the most dangerous of all substances. During detox, your body rids itself of drugs and alcohol. If you quit drinking or using drugs suddenly—also known as quitting “cold turkey—”you may experience dangerous side effects. Certain medications can help make the detox process more comfortable. A medical professional knows which medications and what doses are best for your individual situation. RISKS OF ALCOHOL DETOX AT HOME Detoxing from alcohol at home isn’t recommended. If you’re a regular or heavy alcohol user and you stop drinking without the help of a medical professional, you’re at risk for a number of complications from alcohol withdrawal symptoms. The severity of these alcohol withdrawal symptoms depends on factors like: If you quit alcohol “cold turkey” and have an alcohol addiction or dependency, symptoms of alcohol withdrawal may start as soon as six hours after your last drink. Alcohol abuse and alcoholism teaches your brain that operating on alcohol is normal. When you quit drinking, your brain and central nervous system go into high alert to restore balance. In regular and heavy drinkers, the body compensates for the depressive effects of alcohol by increasing hormones and brain chemicals, such as: When you quit alcohol cold turkey, your body becomes flooded with abnormally high levels of these chemicals. This is the brain’s way of trying to restore balance and normal functioning without alcohol. That’s why quitting cold turkey can put you at risk for alcohol withdrawal symptoms like: 1. Seizures Alcohol withdrawal seizures are sometimes the first sign of alcohol withdrawal. They involve convulsions alternating with involuntary muscle contractions. Withdrawal seizures can occur within 6 to 48 hours of stopping alcohol consumption. 2. Delirium Tremens (DTs) About 30% to 40% of people who experience seizures get the DTs. Severe symptoms like the DTs typically occur 24 to 48 hours after the last drink and are characterized by: Without medical help, the DTS can put you at risk for: 3. Abnormal Heart Rhythms As part of delirium tremens, the heart beats erratically. Unusual shifts in breathing, temperature, and circulation may contribute to a racing heart. You may also experience blood circulation issues like high blood pressure. 4. Nausea and Vomiting Symptoms like nausea and vomiting may linger for around a week after you stop drinking. Like other alcohol withdrawal symptoms, these issues result from your brain trying to rebalance neurotransmitters without alcohol. 5. Dehydration Alcohol is a diuretic that increases your urine output and may also increase sweating. You may already be dehydrated going into alcohol withdrawal. During alcohol withdrawal, you can get even more dehydrated due to vomiting and diarrhea. These can cause dangerous electrolyte imbalances that affect the central nervous system, causing: Other alcohol withdrawal symptoms may include: Alcohol detox at home is dangerous. The best way to safely detox from alcohol is under the care of medical professionals. They can help you deal with withdrawal symptoms using research-backed medications and other approaches as appropriate. They can also immediately attend to any medical emergencies. RISKS OF DRUG DETOX AT HOME In addition to alcohol detox at home, drug detox at home can also come with a number of complications. It can be uncomfortable and dangerous, and it can set you up for relapse. Drug addiction has a high relapse rate because it’s a chronic disease. Drug detox at home can bring on intense drug cravings that make it nearly impossible to refrain from using drugs. Withdrawal symptoms make returning to drug use seem like a good idea just to ease your discomfort. Quitting drugs cold turkey can cause dangerous withdrawal symptoms within a few hours of your last dose as your brain works to find balance. The progression of withdrawal and risks of drug detox at home depends on: 1. Type of Drug The type of drug abuse makes a difference during drug detox. The following drugs are considered highly addictive with potentially serious withdrawal symptoms: 2. Length and Severity of Drug Abuse The larger doses of drugs you use at a time and the more often you use them, the more your brain and body depends on the substance. The higher the level of dependence, the more intense withdrawal will be. 3. Co-Occurring Disorders and Medical Conditions Medical conditions can complicate drug withdrawal. For instance,
How Long Is Rehab?
How is long rehab for drugs and alcohol? The individual and a number of personal factors can influence how long someone is in treatment, including: Most people who receive treatment for alcohol or drug addiction need to participate in some form of therapy for at least a few months. The length of time spent in treatment also varies depending on the type of treatment you choose. For example, in an outpatient treatment program, you’ll typically attend therapy sessions for several hours each week, but you won’t live at the treatment facility. On the other hand, people who attend an inpatient treatment program usually stay at the treatment facility for 30 days or more. There is no one-size-fits-all answer to the question, “How long is rehab?” Structured addiction treatment provided by a drug rehab center on an inpatient or outpatient basis can last several months. It’s also important to know that addiction recovery is something you’ll work on your entire life. Even after you leave structured addiction treatment, you’ll need to take part in activities that help prevent relapse. These may include: How Long Is Medical Detox? For some people, the first step in addiction treatment is medical detox. Drug or alcohol detox is different for everyone. Detox from drugs and alcohol depends on factors like: Detox can range anywhere from 2 to 10 days, depending on the severity of your addiction and the substance. In some cases, you may experience withdrawal symptoms for several months as your brain and body rebalance themselves. These can include: How Long Is Inpatient Treatment? Addiction affects all areas of life. It is a chronic, relapsing disease that requires intensive treatment and monitoring. Inpatient rehab (or residential treatment) provides 24-hour care and supervision. This is vital for people in early recovery. Inpatient treatment also allows you to focus only on your recovery, without the distractions and temptations of daily life. An inpatient treatment program for addiction typically lasts 30 days or more. Often, residential treatment at a recovery center is offered in increments of 30-, 60-, and 90-day programs. After completing inpatient treatment, most people transition to some form of outpatient treatment. This helps you gradually reintegrate into society and begin rebuilding your life. Outpatient treatment typically lasts for several months, although the exact length of time varies depending on the level of outpatient care you’re in and your specific needs. How Long Is a Partial Hospitalization Program (PHP)? A partial hospitalization program (PHP) is a type of outpatient treatment that provides intensive, structured care. Treatment length for PHPs is several weeks or months, although the exact length of time depends on your needs. PHPs are often used as a step-down from inpatient treatment or as an alternative to residential treatment for people who can’t or don’t want to live at a treatment facility. PHPs typically involve attending addiction treatment for several hours each day, five to seven days per week. These sessions are led by a team of addiction counselors, psychologists, and psychiatrists. PHPs include group therapy, which can provide support and accountability as you recover from addiction. You may also participate in individual therapy sessions and other activities, like meditation or yoga. The goal of partial hospitalization programs is to help you learn the relapse prevention skills needed to stay sober and live a healthy, happy life in addiction recovery. How Long Is an Intensive Outpatient Program (IOP)? An intensive outpatient program (IOP) meets for fewer hours per week than a residential or PHP program but more than a regular outpatient program. IOPs typically last for several weeks or months, although the exact length of time depends on your needs. IOPs typically involve attending therapy sessions for several hours each day on three to five days each week. These sessions are led by a team of addiction counselors, psychologists, and recovery support staff. Intensive outpatient programs are mainly comprised of group therapy, which provides support and accountability in recovery. You may also take part in individual therapy sessions and other activities, such as meditation or yoga. The goal of an IOP is to help you build on the relapse-prevention skills learned in a residential or partial hospitalization program while gradually getting back to your everyday life. How Long Is an Outpatient Program (OP)? An outpatient program (OP) is addiction treatment that provides less intensive outpatient care than an IOP or PHP. OPs last for several weeks or months, although the exact length of time varies depending on your individual recovery journey and the type of support you need to navigate early sobriety. Outpatient programs typically involve attending therapy sessions for one to two hours per week. These often take the form of group therapy, though some treatment programs will offer individual therapy as well. The goal of an outpatient program is to provide you a “home base” as you fully re-integrate into everyday life. As you encounter triggers and challenges at work, school, or in relationships, outpatient rehab provides a regular time each week to get support and strengthen your recovery with the help of professionals and peers. How Long Is Aftercare? Aftercare provides continued support for people in recovery from substance use disorders. Aftercare can last for months, or as long as you need it. Before you leave a structured addiction treatment program, a case manager or therapist will help you plan for life after rehab. An aftercare plan helps prevent relapse because it makes sure you have supports in place to maintain sobriety. Aftercare may include: Does Insurance Cover Drug Rehab? Substance abuse treatment is considered an essential health benefit under the Affordable Care Act (ACA), which means insurance plans must provide coverage for addiction treatment. There is still a lot of variation in how alcohol and drug rehab programs are covered by different insurance plans. Some insurance plans cover all or most of the costs of substance abuse treatment, while others only cover a portion of the costs. It’s important to check with your insurance provider to find out
Is Alcohol a Stimulant or Depressant?
Many people believe alcohol is a stimulant, so you may find it surprising to learn that alcohol is a depressant. Because alcohol can initially make you feel more confident, happier, and less inhibited, you may think of it as a substance that gives you an “up” or high. While it’s true that alcohol can mimic some stimulant effects, you will likely experience its depressant effects after several drinks, the day after drinking, or during alcohol withdrawal. People also react to alcohol differently. Some people feel alcohol’s depressant effects from the beginning. They may like drinking because they think it takes the edge off their anxiety or helps them sleep. The truth is, alcohol can make anxiety or sleeping worse. Whether you’re drinking alcohol to feel energized or calm, you should be aware of the effects it has on your body and brain. Learn about how alcohol is a depressant or stimulant Stimulants vs. Depressants In their simplest definitions, stimulants and depressants mean what they sound like. Stimulants Many people who use stimulants say they feel more energetic, focused, and “up.” Some stimulants can cause euphoria or make you feel invincible. Common stimulants include: Illegal stimulants like cocaine, meth, and MDMA speed up your central nervous system activity and production of dopamine. This can: When taken as prescribed, stimulants like amphetamines do not cause those extreme reactions. But these types of stimulants are often abused for recreational purposes. In high doses, they can cause similar effects as drugs like cocaine, MDMA, and meth. Caffeine and nicotine are mild stimulants. They may make you feel more alert and energized but won’t cause the extreme reactions of illicit and prescription stimulants. Depressants Instead of speeding up your central nervous system activity, depressants slow it down. They tell your brain to release neurotransmitters like dopamine and suppress parts of the brain tied to anxious or fearful feelings. Effects of depressants may make you feel calm, have slower reaction times, and feel drowsy. Common depressant drugs include: Taking large quantities of depressants puts you at high risk for overdose and respiratory arrest. How Is Alcohol Like a Stimulant? Alcohol affects people in different ways, but many people feel what they consider desirable effects of alcohol after a couple drinks. This makes them think alcohol is a stimulant, and there is a reason for this. Alcohol initially increases dopamine production in your brain. This is the same brain chemical that gives stimulants like cocaine and meth the energetic, euphoric, and “up” qualities people experience when they take these drugs. Dopamine is an important chemical linked to your brain’s reward system. It rewards you for behavior that helps you survive. That’s why you feel good when you engage in things like: Your brain wants to reward you for those activities because they are important for survival. Alcohol and some drugs tell the brain to release dopamine. That’s what provides the euphoria or pleasant feelings from those substances. Two of the reasons why some people become addicted to alcohol and drugs is: Alcohol can mimic stimulant effects such as increasing heart rate and aggression. Some studies suggest that people who drink large quantities of alcohol quickly are more likely to experience the initial stimulating feelings it can provide. These people may also be more likely to develop an alcohol use disorder. Why Is Alcohol a Depressant? Ethanol, the main ingredient in alcohol, is a depressant. Ethanol and other depressants slow down the central nervous system. This is attributed to how they act on the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). GABA is a natural brain chemical that helps you feel calm by inhibiting nerve activity and messaging to the brain that’s associated with stress, anxiety, or fear. When alcohol produces excessive amounts of GABA, you may feel: Alcohol’s depressant effects can come with undesired consequences. Some people drink alcohol because it makes them feel relaxed and they think it calms anxiety. This ultimately backfires. Drinking too much can trigger rebound anxiety and stress the day after drinking. In fact, these symptoms are often worse than the anxiety and stress you were trying to numb with alcohol. The depressant effects of alcohol and other drugs can also be dangerous. Excessive amounts of alcohol in a short period of time can depress your central nervous system so much that your breathing and heart rate slows to the point of: Signs of Alcohol Abuse Whether alcohol is a stimulant or depressant, most people drink because they like its effects. Some people like these effects so much, they drink increasing amounts of alcohol to keep obtaining those feelings. The problem is that if you’re abusing alcohol, the desired effects will become harder to get, and your body can become dependent on alcohol to function properly. Signs of alcohol addiction include: Concerned About Your Drinking? If you or a loved one is struggling with alcohol abuse, call us. Footprints to Recovery offers evidence-based alcohol addiction treatment that addresses the reasons why you drink and teaches you relapse-prevention skills. These two factors of addiction treatment are critical for long-term recovery. Our addiction treatment programs include: Footprints to Recovery’s drug and alcohol rehab centers are trusted and accredited. Our alcoholism treatment providers are highly credentialed, compassionate professionals who truly care about your well-being and recovery. We’ve helped thousands of people take back their lives from addiction. Call us for a free confidential consultation. References
What Is Alcohol Induced Psychosis?
Alcohol-induced psychosis can be frightening for the individual and those around them. It’s triggered by excessive alcohol consumption and other factors, such as co-occurring disorders. Alcohol-induced psychosis is a set of psychiatric symptoms. These may include: Types of Alcohol-Induced Psychosis Alcohol-related psychosis is categorized into three areas: 1. Alcohol Withdrawal Psychosis Alcohol withdrawal can be dangerous and even deadly. It can also bring about a temporary form of psychosis. Alcohol withdrawal delirium (AWD) is a psychosis that long-time heavy drinkers are at risk for when they quit drinking. Alcohol-induced psychosis can be a part of what is more commonly known as delirium tremens (DTs). People with DTs sometimes experience hallucinations or delusions. They may also feel like bugs are crawling on their skin. 2. Acute Alcohol Intoxication Acute alcohol psychosis can occur when you drink excessive amounts of alcohol. One night of binge drinking can trigger acute psychosis. This type of substance-induced psychosis is rare. It usually occurs when people drink similar amounts of alcohol which lead to alcohol poisoning. Most people will become unconscious before any psychotic symptoms appear. 3. Chronic Alcoholic Hallucinosis People who’ve been abusing alcohol for years are at risk for alcoholic hallucinosis. If you have alcoholic hallucinosis, you may experience auditory hallucinations: hearing sounds that aren’t there. Some people also experience: This type of alcohol-induced psychosis may occur sporadically for hours or days. Over time, alcoholic hallucinosis can begin mimicking symptoms of schizophrenia and last indefinitely. In some cases, chronic alcoholic hallucinosis leads to brain damage. This may include Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome and long-term psychotic disorders. Symptoms of Alcohol-Induced Psychosis If you have alcohol-induced psychosis, you may experience a range of symptoms. These can vary in severity from hallucinations and paranoia to completely losing touch with reality. To an outsider, people in this state of mind may appear frightened or confused. Some people become aggressive and violent. People with this reaction may exhibit a few or several of the symptoms below: Is Alcohol-Induced Psychosis Dangerous? While heavy drinking can cause many dangerous health effects, alcohol-induced psychosis doesn’t directly impact physical health. The dangers of alcohol-induced psychosis come indirectly through its symptoms. If left untreated, people who are hallucinating or paranoid may put themselves or others in danger because of their distorted perceptions of reality and a false belief that they need to protect themselves from harm. Who Suffers from Alcohol-Induced Psychosis? Anyone who drinks excessively or has an alcohol addiction is at risk for alcohol-induced psychosis. People who are at increased risk for alcohol-related psychosis include: How Long Does Alcohol-Induced Psychosis Last? How long alcohol-induced psychosis lasts depends on the type and severity of the episode. It’s also linked to your personal mental health factors. People typically begin seeing symptoms of these episodes within 24 hours of their last drink because of alcohol withdrawal . Psychotic symptoms associated with alcohol can last for a couple days, and longer in rare cases. Alcohol-induced psychosis due to acute intoxication should subside after all the alcohol has left your body. Chronic alcoholic hallucinosis episodes can last for days, weeks, or months. How to Prevent Alcohol-Induced Psychosis Abstinence from alcohol—not drinking—is the best way to prevent this symptom. Anyone who drinks heavily or has an alcohol use disorder (AUD) is at risk for alcohol induced psychosis. People who’ve already experienced an episode are at greater risk of having another one. Following guidelines for moderate drinking or maintaining abstinence from alcohol will safeguard you from this condition. How Do You Treat Alcohol-Induced Psychosis? Anyone with alcohol-induced psychosis should get medical help immediately. Medical professionals may treat alcohol-induced psychosis by: It’s critical to get professional addiction treatment if you or someone you love has experienced alcohol-induced psychosis. You have a serious alcohol use disorder if your drinking has led to such an extreme outcome. Drug and alcohol rehabs provide medically supervised alcohol detox followed by structured and supportive treatment that helps you maintain long-term recovery. Get Help for Alcohol Abuse Addiction doesn’t get better on its own. If you or a loved one is struggling with alcohol misuse, don’t wait to get help. Footprints to Recovery’s treatment centers have helped thousands of people take back their lives from substance abuse. Our highly experienced clinicians provide evidence-based treatment. We help you address the root causes of substance use disorders and teach you skills needed for long-term recovery. Footprints offer all levels of care, including inpatient rehab and outpatient rehab options: It’s possible to take back your life from alcohol. Call us today for a free, confidential consultation and to learn about our treatment programs. References
Alcohol and Xanax: What Happens When They Mix?
Alcohol and Xanax (alprazolam) are both legal substances. They are also both addictive substances. In 2020 over 60 million Americans binged on alcohol and 4.8 million Americans misused prescription benzodiazepines like Xanax. Abusing alcohol or Xanax is dangerous and can be deadly. According to the CDC, non-fatal and fatal overdoses on benzodiazepines like Xanax increased by 24% from 2019 to 2020. Alcohol-induced overdose deaths increased by 25% during the same time period. While abusing Xanax or alcohol on its own is already dangerous, taking the two together can significantly increase those dangers. The combination also ups your risk of long-term physical and mental health problems. Why Do People Mix Alcohol and Xanax? People may take Xanax while they’re drinking alcohol in an effort to get “more of a good thing.” Alcohol and Xanax are both depressants. They slow down your central nervous system (CNS) by enhancing your brain’s gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA). GABA is a neurotransmitter that helps you feel relaxed and calm by blocking certain CNS activity. GABA also helps you sleep. Both Xanax and alcohol can make you feel calm and less inhibited. Some people may take Xanax with alcohol in hopes of intensifying these desirable effects. The problem is that this combination is always risky. Mixing alcohol and Xanax can be dangerous and even fatal. Dangers of Mixing Xanax and Alcohol Taking Xanax and alcohol together compounds the dangers of taking them separately. Xanax can exaggerate the effects of alcohol and vice versa. When you mix alcohol and Xanax together, you’re at increased risk for several physical and mental side effects. Physical Side Effects of Mixing Alcohol and Xanax Behavioral Health Side Effects of Mixing Alcohol and Xanax What makes mixing alcohol and Xanax especially dangerous is the risk of respiratory suppression. Since these substances slow down your central nervous system, when taken together, they may slow breathing so much that you overdose or go into cardiac arrest. How much it takes for an alcohol or Xanax overdose depends on your physical make-up and health. There is no way to know until it happens. It can be easy to take dangerous amounts of Xanax or alcohol because of the effects they have on your memory. You may forget that you already took Xanax and take it again, or drink more than you normally would. Your body can get overwhelmed as it tries to process alcohol and Xanax at the same time. This keeps both substances in your body longer. You may think you’re more sober than you are. Mixing Xanax and alcohol can lead to situational danger. For instance, poor coordination and delayed reactions can lead to falls or car accidents if you’re driving. Long-Term Effects of Xanax and Alcohol Abuse Besides the possibility of overdose and death, alcohol and Xanax abuse can have long-term consequences to your physical and mental health. Abusing both substances puts you at risk for the detrimental effects of taking either alone. Long-term risks of alcohol and Xanax abuse include: Addiction Regularly abusing Xanax or alcohol can lead to a full-blown addiction. Your brain and body get used to having these substances in your system. This can cause changes in brain chemistry. Your central nervous system begins relying on them for certain functions. You develop a tolerance and dependency and experience withdrawal symptoms when you go without Xanax and alcohol. Cognitive Issues Both Xanax and alcohol have been shown to impair cognitive functioning. They can have a negative impact on: Liver Problems Most people know that alcohol can damage your liver, but long-term, heavy Xanax use can also impair liver functions. Xanax can elevate your liver enzymes, leading to liver inflammation and liver tissue damage. If you combine the two substances, liver damage can be even more severe. Mental Health Disorders Xanax and alcohol affect neurotransmitters responsible for: Over time, they can deplete chemicals that stabilize your mood and nervous system. This can lead to anxiety and depression symptoms. Poorer Quality of Life You cannot compartmentalize alcohol and drug addiction. Alcohol and drug abuse impact all parts of your life. Your relationships struggle. You don’t do as well at work or school. You may even run into financial or legal problems because of the choices you make while you’re under the influence of drugs and alcohol. All these consequences impact your overall well-being and happiness. Withdrawal Symptoms of Alcohol and Xanax If you’ve been abusing alcohol and Xanax, you’ll likely go through withdrawal when you stop using them. Even people who use Xanax as prescribed for a long period of time need to slowly taper off the drug. Withdrawal symptoms for alcohol or any type of drug affect your body and brain and depend on factors like: Alcohol and Xanax withdrawal is like detoxing from other depressants. You can experience alcohol withdrawal symptoms and Xanax withdrawal symptoms more intensely than just detoxing from one of the substances. As your central nervous system adjusts to the absence of these two substances you may experience withdrawal symptoms like: The time it takes you to detox from alcohol and Xanax depends on individual factors and how severe your substance use is. Generally, withdrawal symptoms begin within the first day of being off alcohol. Severe withdrawal symptoms peak at two to three days into the process. Usually, the most uncomfortable symptoms of detox are over within five to seven days. But often people have lingering psychological withdrawal symptoms for weeks or months. This is called post-acute withdrawal syndrome (PAWS). It can include: These symptoms occur as your brain chemicals rebalance themselves. Your brain is used to depressants being in your system and helping produce certain brain chemicals. Without Xanax or alcohol, it takes time to begin producing regular amounts of these chemicals on your own. These are chemicals tied to mood, movement, memory, and motivation so these types of functions will be affected until the body repairs itself. Do You Need Medical Detox for Alcohol and Xanax? One of the most dangerous substances to detox from is
OxyContin vs Oxycodone: What’s the Difference?
Oxycodone is a prescription pain medication. OxyContin is a brand name for oxycodone. When it comes to OxyContin vs oxycodone, the primary difference is that OxyContin is a controlled-release oxycodone medication. Pain-relief properties are released over several hours instead of all at once, which is what oxycodone does. Both oxycodone and OxyContin have a high potential for abuse because of they produce euphoria effects when taken in large doses. What Is Oxycodone? A narcotic analgesic, oxycodone is a prescription medication that contains opioids. Brand names for oxycodone include: Like other opioids, oxycodone comes from the poppy plant. It is a semi-synthetic opioid, which means it goes through chemical reactions in a laboratory to get to its form. It used to be prescribed generously to treat pain. Once it became clear that oxycodone was playing a role in the opioid epidemic, the medical community greatly decreased its prescribing of opioids like oxycodone. Physicians began looking to non-opioid medications to manage patients’ pain. Now, oxycodone is typically reserved to treat severe pain from: Oxycodone has a high potential for opioid abuse and addiction, which is why it’s classified as a Schedule ll drug by the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA). What Is OxyContin? OxyContin is one of the brand names for oxycodone. This narcotic is an extended-release opioid analgesic, so it is prescribed for moderate to severe chronic pain that needs relief around the clock. OxyContin is a pain medicine sometimes prescribed to chronic pain patients for: As an opioid prescription medicine and form of oxycodone, OxyContin abuse was also tied to the opioid epidemic. The medical community has taken efforts to curb its use. Like oxycodone, OxyContin is also classified as a Schedule II drug with high potential for abuse and addiction. OxyContin vs Oxycodone: What\’s the Difference? The only significant difference between oxycodone vs OxyContin is the way it’s released in the body. Oxycodone is an ingredient in several prescription pain relievers. It is released in your body as soon as you take it. OxyContin comes in time-release tablets. This means its painkilling effects are released slowly, so you don’t need to take as many tablets. The pain relief is steady over several hours. Similarities and differences between oxycodone and OxyContin include: OxyContin vs Oxycodone: Their Source Both oxycodone and OxyContin are opioid medications that come from the poppy plant. Thebaine is the substance from the plant that goes through chemical processes to create oxycodone and OxyContin. OxyContin vs Oxycodone: Their Form Oxycodone comes in liquid, capsule, and tablet forms. OxyContin comes in extended-release tablets of 10, 20, 40, and 80 mg, as well as 5 mg immediate-release pills. The tablets read “OC” on one side and note the number of milligrams on the other side. OxyContin pills come in pink, white, yellow, red, gray, brown, and green. OxyContin vs Oxycodone: Their Uses Oxycodone and OxyContin are both prescribed to treat severe pain. Oxycodone is quick acting, while OxyContin breaks down slower, spreading pain relief out over several hours. Doctors may prescribe OxyContin when pain needs continuous treatment, such as with cancer pain and other terminal diseases. Oxycodone is helpful for short-term pain like that from surgeries or injuries. OxyContin vs Oxycodone: Their Pain-Relief Mechanisms OxyContin and oxycodone are opioids that work on the brain in the same way. They bind to the brain’s opioid receptors. This helps block pain signals and releases dopamine, which can relax people and is also what causes the euphoric effects when opioids are abused. OxyContin vs Oxycodone: Their Side Effects Because Oxycodone and OxyContin are the same substance, their side effects overlap and may include: Severe side effects of oxycodone and OxyContin include: OxyContin vs Oxycodone: Abuse People who abuse opioids don’t usually discriminate between oxycodone and OxyContin. They are both opioids that people abuse for the potential feelings of: Because of its extended-release form, people who take OxyContin to get high may crush it, chew it, snort it, or inject it. This allows them to bypass some of the time-release properties. The efficacy and safety of opioids is proven when monitored closely by a doctor and taken as prescribed. Opioid addiction sometimes starts with doctors prescribing the drugs for treating moderate to severe chronic pain. People who are predisposed to addiction may like the way opioids relieve their stress or mask mental health symptoms or trauma. They may start taking oxycodone more times daily than prescribed or seeing different doctors to get more opioids. Prescription painkiller addiction has led some people to abuse heroin because it is usually easier and cheaper to obtain. Addiction Treatment for OxyContin or Oxycodone Abuse OxyContin and oxycodone addiction are treated the same way. If you abuse opioids, your recovery journey usually begins with medical detox. Following detox, you will attend a structured treatment program to address the reasons why you abuse substances and learn healthy coping skills. Opioid addiction treatment may include: Medical Detox Opioid withdrawal symptoms can be painful, and even dangerous in some cases. You should always detox from opioids with the help of medical professionals. During medical detox, you’ll receive round-the-clock care from medical professionals who will monitor your vital signs and comfort. They will administer withdrawal medications as clinically appropriate to ease pain. Addiction Treatment Once you’ve safely eliminated opioids from your system, you’ll begin intense behavioral therapy and recovery activities to help you address the reasons behind substance abuse. You’ll also learn healthier coping skills. Many people benefit from inpatient treatment because it provides space away from triggers. Triggers can feel especially overwhelming in early recovery, and residential (inpatient) treatment allows you to focus on yourself without distractions and triggers. Addiction treatment programs typically include: This continuum of care allows you to transition from intense levels of treatment to outpatient programs with fewer hours and less structure. This allows you to gain a strong foundation in recovery and ease back into everyday life, relationships, and responsibilities that can be sources of stress and relapse risks. Approaches used in opioid addiction treatment often
What Are Wet Drugs?
Wet drugs are drugs that have been “enhanced” with liquid substances like embalming fluid or phencyclidine (PCP). Wet drugs are also known as “fry drugs” because they’re dried out after they’ve been dipped in liquids. The most common wet drugs are tobacco or marijuana cigarettes laced with PCP or embalming fluid. Wet drugs are made with PCP or embalming fluid (like that found in funeral homes) for the additional mind-altering effects they can provide. PCP was originally developed for anesthesia and pain management purposes for surgeries. That was discontinued because of the negative effects it was having on patients. PCP, also known as angel dust, continues to be produced and used illegally because of its mood, mind, and perception-altering effects. PCP also has the ability to make some people very agitated and cause violent behavior. Embalming fluid contains ethyl alcohol, methanol, formaldehyde, and other solutions. People dip cigarettes or joints in embalming fluid because it can slow down the time it takes to burn. It also can have hallucinogenic effects. Other street names for wet drugs include: Are Wet Drugs Addictive? It’s the different components of wet drugs that make them addictive. There are numerous studies showing the very addictive nature of tobacco cigarettes and other forms of tobacco. Though cannabis is widely legalized, there’s also research showing marijuana can be addictive. The DMV-5 denotes marijuana addiction as cannabis use disorder, and sets forth criteria several for its diagnosis. The Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) classifies PCP as a Schedule II drug, which means using it puts you at high risk for addiction and chemical dependency. You can become psychologically addicted to the effects of PCP and some research indicates you may experience physical changes to the brain as well. PCP-tainted marijuana cigarettes add another layer of addiction risk to the mix. The same with tobacco. When you dip marijuana and cigarettes in PCP, you’re now ingesting two addictive substances. Embalming fluid is not addictive in and of itself, but it is toxic and can cause severe side effects. What Are the Dangerous Effects of Wet Drugs? Wet drug abuse comes with several risks. PCP and embalming fluid can be toxic to your body. Effects of PCP in wet drugs may include: Effects of embalming fluid in wet drugs may include: There have also been reports of respiratory failure in people admitted to the ER after smoking wet drugs. How Do You Treat Wet Drug Abuse? Treatment for wet drug abuse is similar to the way other substance abuse is treated. Depending on how long you’ve been using wet drugs or if you’re using them in combination with other substances like alcohol, you may begin treatment in a medical detox center. This is important because detoxing from drugs and alcohol can be dangerous without the help of medical professionals. During medical detox, you’ll be given medications to ease withdrawal symptoms and cravings. Nurses are there around the clock to make sure you’re safe and as comfortable as possible. Following detox, behavioral health treatment will help prevent relapse. In professional drug and alcohol treatment, you explore your triggers to use substances. This way you can develop healthy coping skills to deal with challenges instead of turning to drugs or alcohol. Sometimes unaddressed underlying struggles can perpetuate substance use. These often include: Effective drug rehabs provide mental health treatment to address psychological symptoms that drugs and alcohol are masking. Many also have therapy programs specific to trauma like eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR). Trauma and addiction share a strong link and can feed off each other. Substance abuse treatment centers may offer several levels of care. The best treatment program for you depends on the severity of your substance abuse and individual situation. Levels of care at an addiction treatment center may include: In residential treatment, you live at the rehab center. You attend day treatment and participate in evening recovery activities with other clients. Partial hospitalization programs provide day treatment, but you live at home or in a sober living residence. Outpatient options like IOPs and OPs offer varying hours of day treatment depending on where you are in your recovery journey. Looking for Help? If you or a loved one is struggling with substance use, we can help. Our dual diagnosis treatment centers provide evidence-based care that’s effective and many clients say, life-changing. You can do this. Contact us today for a free, confidential consultation. References
